QUESTION ANSWERS
Ques1. Positive paralinguistic make the speech appealing, interesting
and alive
Ans1.
Paralinguistic features are non-verbal vocal cues that help you to give urgency
to your voice is trademark,it is that part of yourself that adds human to touch
to your words. Writing does not have that immediancy because the words are
static on a pag. Voice gives lif to your delivery, therefore,you may find it
usefull to understand the characteristic nuances of voice , namely quality ,
volume , rate ,pitch,articulation , pronunciation . and phase.
Quality:
Quality is a characteristic that distinguishes one voice from another. each one
of us unique voice and its quality depends upon its resonating mechanism. it may
be rich , resonant , soft , and alluring , thin an nasal , hoarse and husky ,
or harsh and irritating.
Volume:
volume is the loudness or softness of the voice. your voice should always
project but need not always be loud.
Pace\Rate:
Rate is the number of words which you speak per minute, It varies from person
to person and from 80 to 250 words per minute.
Pitch:
pitch refer to number of variations per second of your voice. The rise and fall
of voice conveys various emotions.
Articulation:
speaker should be careful not to stop,slur,chop,truncate, or omit sounds
between words or sentences.
Pronunciation:
Pronunciation requires us to speak out sounds in way that is generaly accepted.
Voice
modulation: While intonation refers to the tonal variatons, modulation pertains
to the way we regulate , vary or adjust the tone pitch and volume of the sound
or speaking voice.
Pauses:
A pause is short silence flanked by words.
Ques2. There is spirit of lining and regret in the poem "the road
not taken".
Ans2.
The first significant thing about "the road not taken" is its title
.the traveler comes to a fork in a road through a "yellow wood" and
wishes he could somehow manage to "travel both" routes ,he rejected
that aspiration as impractical, however, at least for the day at hand, the road
he selects is "the one less travelled by". almost immediately
,however, he seems to contradict his own judgment:"thoush as for that
passing there/had worn them really about the same". the poet appears to
imply that the decsion is based on evidence that is, or comes close to being,
an illusion.
The
contradictions continue.he decides to save the first,more travelled road for
another day but then confesses that he does not think it probable that he will
return, implying that this seemingly casual is really likely to be crucial- one
of the hoices that involve commitment or lead to the of other choices that will
divert the traveler forever from the original stopping place. in the
final stanza,the traveller says that he will"telling this with a
sigh", which may connot regret.
has
frost in mind a particular irrevocable choice of his own, and if so, what
felling, in this poem of mixed feelings, shouls be regarded or dominant?
there
is no way of identifying such a specific decsion from the evidence of the poem
itself. On more than one occasion the poet claimed that this poem was about his
friend edward thomas, a man inclined to indecisiveness out of a wrong - and as
frost thought, amusing habbit od dwelling on the irrevocability of decisions .
critics
of this poem are likely always to argue whether it is an affirmation of the
crucial nature of the choices people must make on the road of life or a gentle
satire on the sort of temperament that always insists on struggling with such
choices.
two
raos diverged in a wood , and I - I took the one less traveled by, and that has
made all the difference.
the
indecsion of the speaker-his divided state of mind- is heightened by the
repetition of "I", split by the line division and emphasized by the
rhyme and pause. it is an effect possible only in a rhymed and metrical poem-
and thus a good argument for the continuing viability of tradional forms
Ques3.barriers of communication.
Ans3.
Classification of barries :
1. Intrapersonal
2. Interpersonal
3. Organizational
1.Intrapersonal Barriers - individual are
unique because of there idiosyncracies. This is mainly because of dfferences in
education,experience,value and personality. each of us interpret the same
information in different ways as our thinking varies. certain common causes are
responsible for the individual's inbuilt barriers.
Causes
listed below that lead to these intrapersonal barriers :
->
wrong assumptions
->
varied perceptions
->
differening background
->
wrong inferences
->
impervious categories
->
categorial thinking
2.Interpersonal
Barriers - intrapersonal barriers stem from an individuals attitude or
habbits,whreas interpersonal barriers occur due to the inappropriate
transaction of words between two or more people, the two broad categories into
which this barrier can be classified as :
->
inefficiency in communication skills
->
negative aspect nurturing in the climate
the
most common reason for interpersonal barriers are:
->
limited vocabulary
->
incongruity of verbal and non-verbal messages
->
emotional outbursts
->
communicational selectivity
->
culutral variations
->
poor listening skills
->
noise in the channel
3.Organizational
Barrier-communication barrier are not only limited to an indiviadual or two
people but exist in entire organization. every organization,irrespective of its
size, has its own communication technique and each nurtures its own
communication climate.
in
large organization where the flow of inforamation is downward feedback is not
guaranteed. organization with a flat structure usually tend to have an
intricately knit communication network.irrespective of size all organization
have communication policies which describes the protocol to be followed it is
the structure and complexity of this protocol that usually causes communication
barriers.
most
large companies are realising that a rigid hierarchical structure usually
restrict the flow of commmunication. this is because there are numerous
transfer points, for communication to flow in this hierarchical system,and each
of this point has the potential to distort , delay,or lose the message. to
obviate this , there should be direct contact betwwen sender and reciever with
minimmum transfer station. if the message is presented orally , this furthe
reduces the dependence on transfer station.
